Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
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Operation





The upstream heated oxygen sensor is located at the catalytic converter inlet and detects the concentration of oxygen in the raw exhaust gases; an internal heater reduces the warm up time of the sensor output.

An oxygen sensor (without heater) is located at the converter outlet.

The ECM receives input signals from the sensors & varies the fuel injector duration (mixture) to provide optimum gas emissions.