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Home >> Ford >> 1998 >> Mustang V6-3.8L VIN 4 >> Repair and Diagnosis >> Transmission and Drivetrain >> Transmission Control Systems >> Testing and Inspection >> Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes >> On-Board Diagnostics With NGS

On-Board Diagnostics With NGS

These tests can be used to diagnose the Powertrain Control Module (PCM), sensors and actuators of the 4R70W transmission.

The following is a guide for using the On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) Quick Tests and the Rotunda New Generation Star (NGS) Tester 418-FO48 (007-00500), with some special considerations to remember:

If using a generic scan tool, refer to the instructions on performing OBD procedures.

QUICK TEST 1.0-VISUAL INSPECTION
Perform the Visual Check and Vehicle Preparation procedures.

Inspect the following:
- air cleaner and inlet ducting
- all engine vacuum hoses for damage: leaks, cracks, blockage, proper routing, etc.
- PCM system wiring harnesses for proper connections, bent or broken pins, corrosion, loose wires, proper routing, etc.
- powertrain control module, sensors and actuators for physical damage
- engine coolant for proper level
- transmission fluid for proper level and condition
- any NON-factory installed items wired into the transmission or PCM harnesses

NOTE: Perform all necessary servicing before continuing with Quick Tests.

QUICK TEST 2.0-SET UP
Connect Rotunda New Generation Star (NGS) Tester 418-FO48 (007-00500) or equivalent to Data Link Connector (DLC).

The following are procedures to run OBD II procedures.

VEHICLE AND TESTER PREPARATION
Prepare the vehicle as follows:
- Place transmission range selector lever in PARK.
- Run engine to operating temperature.
- Apply parking brake.
- Block wheels.
- Turn off all electrical loads including A/C and defroster. (if A/C is ON, DTC P1460 will set.)





Prepare the NGS as follows:
- Turn ignition switch to the OFF position.
- Verify that the proper PROGRAM card is inserted in the NGS.
- Connect J 1962/16 way Data Communication Link (DCL) cable adapter to the NGS.
- Connect NGS DCL cable adapter securely into the vehicle's data link connector.
- Connect the NGS power supply cable to the vehicle battery power supply through cigar lighter or at the battery with alligator clip adapter.
- Turn the ignition switch to the RUN position, or start vehicle if necessary.
- The NGS is now ready to communicate with the PCM.

NOTE: Do not replace parts based on a code, perform Pinpoint Tests first.

QUICK TEST 3.0-KEY ON, ENGINE OFF (KOEO)
Some special considerations for Key On, Engine Off Quick Test include the following:
- The KOEO test provides hard Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) present at the time of testing.
- Always service the hard DTCs first.

PERFORMING KOEO
- Perform visual inspection and vehicle preparation as required.
- Select "Vehicle and Engine Selection" menu.
- Select year, engine, model with the appropriate qualifier if needed, for example, transmission or 49 state/California.
- Select "Diagnostic Data Link" menu.
- Select "Output Test Mode" menu.
- Select "KOEO On-Demand Self-Test."
- Follow operating instructions from the NGS menu screen.
- Record all DTCs displayed.
- Service NON-transmission DTCs first as they can directly affect the operation of the transmission. Road test and repeat Quick Test to verify the service.

QUICK TEST 4.0-CONTINUOUS MEMORY CODES
Continuous DTCs are concerns which were detected during normal vehicle operation. These codes are retained for 40 warm-up cycles.

Some special considerations for continuous testing include the following:
- The cause of some continuous DTCs may have been eliminated if KOEO and/or KOER DTCs were serviced. Always re-test and service any DTCs that still remain.
- If DTCs are present, go to the On-Board Diagnostic Trouble Code Description Chart for service information. Erase DTC, perform the Transmission Drive Cycle Test and repeat all Quick Test procedures after completing service on the DTCs.
- If the continuous test passes and a concern is still present, refer to Diagnosis by Symptom and TSBs for concern diagnosis.

PERFORMING CONTINUOUS MEMORY CODES
- Select "Vehicle and Engine Selection" menu.
- Select year, engine and model with the appropriate qualifier if needed, for example, transmission or 49 state/California.
- Select "Diagnostic Data Link" menu.
- Select "Output Test Mode" menu.
- Select "Retrieve Continuous Codes" menu.
- Follow operating instructions from the NGS menu screen.
- Record all DTCs displayed.
- Perform Transmission Drive Cycle Test.
- Rerun Continuous DTC Test, if DTCs have returned, and service as required. Road test and rerun all DTC test procedures.

QUICK TEST 5.0-KEY ON ENGINE RUNNING (KOER)
The Engine Running Quick-Test provides hard DTCs only.

Some special considerations for KOER Quick-Test include the following:
- Follow the menu screen instructions as they appear.
- If a DTC appears after the KOER test, a malfunction is present. Refer to the On-Board Diagnostic Trouble Code Description Chart for service information.

PERFORMING KOER
- Perform visual inspection and vehicle preparation as required.
- Select "Vehicle and Engine Selection" menu.
- Select year, engine and model with the appropriate qualifier if needed, for example, transmission or 49 state/California.
- Select "Diagnostic Data Link" menu.
- Select "Output Test Mode" menu.
- Select "KOER On-Demand Self-Test."
- Follow operating instructions from the NGS menu screen (example: turn key on, etc.) and perform brake on/off and cycle the Transmission Control Switch (TCS) on and off, if equipped.
- Record all DTCs displayed.
- Service all NON-transmission DTCs first as they can directly affect the operation of the transmission. Road test and repeat Quick Test to verify service.

SPECIAL TEST MODES
- Output test modes.
- PCM Reset Mode (Clearing DTCs)

OUTPUT TEST MODE

CAUTION: Safety must be observed when using output test mode. When all outputs are on and the electric fuel pump is energized, make sure the fuel system is intact and is not being serviced at that time. When low speed or high speed cooling fans are turned on, make sure fan blades are clear of any obstruction.

NOTE: As a safety precaution, the Output Test Mode will default to its normal state after ten minutes, after the vehicle is started or after cycling the ignition switch off and on.

The Output Test Mode (OTM) aids in servicing output actuators associated with the PCM. It allows the technician to energize and de-energize most of the system output actuators on command. When entering OTM, the outputs can be turned off and on without controlling the cooling fans. The low and high speed cooling fans may be turned on separately without energizing the other outputs.

PERFORMING OUTPUT TEST MODE
Enter OTM with the ignition key on and the engine off.
- Perform the necessary vehicle preparation and visual inspection.
- Connect scan tool to DLC.
- Select VEHICLE and ENGINE SELECTION menu.
- Select NEW VEHICLE YEAR and MODEL.
- Enter year, engine, model with the appropriate qualifier, if needed (i.e., transmission, 49 state or California).
- Select DIAGNOSTIC DATA LINK.
- Select PCM-POWERTRAIN CTRL MODULE.
- Select ACTIVE COMMAND MODES.
- Select OUTPUT TEST MODE.
- Turn key on.
- Follow operating instructions from the menu.
- Select the mode (i.e., ALL ON, ALL OFF, HIGH SPEED FAN or LOW SPEED FAN)
- Select START to turn outputs ON (may link up to PIDs).
- Select STOP to turn outputs OFF.

OUTPUT STATE CONTROL (OSC) MODE
Output State Control (OSC) allows the technician to take control of certain parameters to function the transmission. For example, OSC allows the technician to shift the transmission only when he/she commands a gear change. If the technician commands 1st gear in OSC, the transmission will remain in 1 st gear until the technician commands the next gear. Another example, the technician can command a shift solenoid to turn on or off when performing an electrical circuit check. OSC has two modes of operation for transmission, the BENCH MODE and the DRIVE MODE. Each mode/parameter has a unique set of vehicle operating requirements that the technician is required to meet before being allowed to operate OSC.

NOTE: To operate OSC the Digital Transmission Range (TR) Sensor and the Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) must be operational. No Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) related to the TR sensor or the VSS sensor can be present.

- The vehicle requirements MUST BE MET when SENDING the OSC value. Refer to individual test modes for vehicle requirement.
- If the vehicle requirements are NOT MET when SENDING the OSC value, an ERROR MESSAGE will appear. When the ERROR MESSAGE is received, OSC is aborted and must be restarted.
- If AFTER SENDING an OSC value, and the vehicle requirements are no longer met, the PCM will cancel the OSC value and NO ERROR message will appear.
- The OSC value [XXX] may be sent anytime to cancel OSC.

OUTPUT STATE CONTROL (OSC) PROCEDURES:
- Perform visual inspection and vehicle preparation as required.
- Select "Vehicle and Engine Selection" menu.
- Select appropriate vehicle and engine.
- Select "Diagnostic Data Link."
- Select "Powertrain Control Module."
- Select "Diagnostic Test Mode."
- Select "KOEO On-Demand Self Test and KOER On-Demand Self Tests."
- Perform test and record DTCs.
- Repair all NON-Transmission DTCs.
- Repair all VSS and Digital TR Sensor DTCs.
- Ensure that VSS/Digital TR Sensors are functional.
- Select "Active Command Modes."
- Select "Trans-Bench Mode or Trans-Drive Mode."

OSC-TRANSMISSION BENCH MODES
The following Transmission Bench Modes may be used or required during diagnostics.

SSA/SS1, SSB/SS2 AND TCC IN BENCH MODE:
The BENCH MODE allows the technician to perform electrical circuit checks on the following components:
- SSA/SS1-Activates SS# 1 OFF or ON
- SSB/SS2-Activates SS#2 OFF or ON.
- TCC-Activates TCC OFF or ON.

OSC-SSA/SS 1, SSB/SS2, TCC" BENCH MODE Operates ONLY when:
- VSS and Digital TR Sensor are operational.
- No VSS and Digital TR Sensor DTCs.
- Transmission Range Selector Lever in P.
- Key ON.
- Engine OFF.

OSC Command Values:
- [OFF]-turns solenoid OFF.
- [ON]-turns solenoid ON.
- [XXX]-cancels OSC value sent.
- [SEND]-sends the values to PCM.

BENCH MODE Procedure for SSA/SS 1, SSB SS2, and TCC

Follow operating instructions from the NGS menu screen:
- Select "Output State Control."
- Select "Trans-Bench Mode."
- Select "PIDs" to be monitored.
- Monitor all selected PIDs during test.
- Select "Parameters-SSA/SS 1, SSB/SS2 or TCC. "
- Select "ON" to turn solenoid ON.
- Press "SEND" to send command ON.
- Select "OFF" to turn solenoid OFF.
- Press "SEND" to send command OFF.
- Select "XXX" to cancel at any time.
- Press "SEND".

EPC IN BENCH MODE:
The BENCH MODE is also used to test the functionality of the transmission's electronic pressure control. During BENCH MODE, the EPC solenoid can ramp in increments of 15 psi from zero to 90 psi and 90 to zero psi.

The OSC functions for the parameter EPC allows the technician to choose the following options:
- EPC-Activates EPC to selected values.
- [00]-sets EPC pressure to 00 PSI.
- [15]-sets EPC pressure to 15 PSI.
- [30]-sets EPC pressure to 30 PSI.
- [45]-sets EPC pressure to 45 PSI.
- [60]-sets EPC pressure to 60 PSI.
- [75]-sets EPC pressure to 75 PSI.
- [90]-sets EPC pressure to 90 PSI.

OSC "EPC" BENCH MODE Operates ONLY when:
- VSS and digital TR Sensor are operational.
- No VSS and digital TR Sensor DTCs.
- Transmission Range Selector Lever in P.
- Pressure gauge installed.
- Key ON.
- Engine ON.
- Engine RPM at 1500.

OSC Command Values:
- [00]-sets EPC pressure to 00 PSI.
- [15]-sets EPC pressure to 15 PSI.
- [30]-sets EPC pressure to 30 PSI.
- [45]-sets EPC pressure to 45 PSI.
- [60]-sets EPC pressure to 60 PSI.
- [75]-sets EPC pressure to 75 PSI.
- [90]-sets EPC pressure to 90 PSI.
- [OFF]-turns solenoid off.
- [ON]-turns solenoid on.
- [XXX]-cancels OSC value sent.
- [SEND]-sends the values to PCM.

BENCH MODE PROCEDURE FOR EPC
Following operating instructions from the NGS menu screen.
- Select "Output State Control.
- Select "Trans-Bench Mode."
- Select "PIDs" to be monitored.
- Monitor all selected PIDs during test.
- Select "Parameters-EPC.
- Select Value "0-90 psi."
- Press "SEND" to send command.
- Select "XXX" to cancel at any time.
- Press "SEND"

OSC-TRANSMISSION DRIVE MODES
The DRIVE MODE allows control of three transmission parameters. Each mode/parameter has a unique set of vehicle operating requirements that the technician is required to meet before being allowed to operate OSC. The recommended procedure, when using the DRIVE MODE, is to control one parameter at a time.

The DRIVE MODE allows the technician to perform the following functions on the transmission:
- GR_CM-allows upshifts or downshifts.
- TCC-engages or disengages the torque converter clutch.
- EPC-increases/decreases EPC pressure.

GR-CM IN DRIVE MODE
This OSC function is used to test the transmission shift functions. The OSC functions for the GR_CM parameter allows the technician to choose the following options:

- [1]-PCM selects 1 st gear.
- [2]-PCM selects 2nd gear.
- [3]-PCM selects 3rd gear.
- [4]-PCM selects 4th gear.

OSC "GR-CM" Mode Operates ONLY when:
- VSS and digital TR Sensor are operational.
- No VSS and digital TR Sensor DTCs.
- Engine "ON."
- TCC "OFF."
- Transmission Range Selector Lever on 0 D.
- Vehicle Speed is greater than 2 mph.

OSC Command Values:
- [1]-PCM selects 1 st gear.
- [2]-PCM selects 2nd gear.
- [3]-PCM selects 3rd gear.
- [4]-PCM selects 4th gear.
- [OFF]-turns solenoid off.
- [ON]-turns solenoid on.
- [XXX]-cancels OSC value sent.
- [SEND]-sends the values to PCM.

DRIVE MODE PROCEDURE FOR GR_CM

Follow operating instructions from the NGS menu screen.
- Select "Output State Control."
- Select "Trans-DRIVE MODE."
- Select "PIDs" to be monitored.
- Monitor all selected PIDs during test.
- Select "Parameters-GR-CM.
- Select Value " 1-5."
- Press "SEND" to send command.
- Re-Select Value " 1-5."
- Press "SEND" to send command.
- Select "XXX" to cancel at any time.
- Press "SEND."

TCC IN DRIVE MODE:
This OSC function is used to test whether the torque converter clutch is engaging and disengaging correctly.

The OSC functions for the TCC parameter allows the technician to choose the following:
- TCC-activates TCC OFF and ON.
- [ON]-turns TCC solenoid ON.
- [OFF]-turns TCC solenoid OFF.

OSC "TCC OFF" DRIVE MODE Operates ONLY when:
- VSS and digital TR Sensors are operational.
- No VSS and digital TR Sensor DTCs present.
- Engine ON.
- Transmission Range Selector Lever in 0/D.
- Vehicle speed is greater than 2 mph.

OSC-TCC ON" DRIVE MODE Operates ONLY when:
- VSS and digital TR Sensors are operational.
- No VSS and digital TR Sensor DTCs present.
- Engine ON.
- Transmission Range Selector Lever in 0/D.
- Vehicle speed is greater than 2 mph.
- Transmission in 2nd gear or higher.
- TFT is between 60 and 275°F.
- Brake not applied "OFF" below 20 mph.
- (Not an excessive load on engine (engine lugging)).

OSC Command Values:
- [OFF]-turns TCC OFF.
- [ON]-turns TCC ON.
- [XXX]-cancels OSC value sent.
- [SEND]-sends the values to PCM.

DRIVE MODE PROCEDURES FOR TCC
Follow operating instructions from the NGS menu screen.
- Select "Output State Control."
- Select "Trans-Drive Mode."
- Select "PIDs" to be monitored.
- Monitor all selected PIDs during test.
- Select "Parameters-TCC. "
- Select "ON" to turn solenoid ON.
- Press "SEND" to send command ON.
- Select "OFF" to turn solenoid OFF.
- Press "SEND" to send command OFF.
- Select "XXX" to cancel at any time.
- Press "SEND."

EPC IN DRIVE MODE
This OSC function is used to increase the EPC pressure while testing the transmission shift functions. This OSC function can only increase the EPC pressure greater than what the PCM normally commands. If an OSC value, such as [75] or [90] PSI is sent, the upshifts and downshifts should exhibit a harsher shift. Harsher shifts would indicate that the EPC pressure control works at higher pressures. The best test for the EPC is to use the BENCH MODE and a hydraulic pressure gauge. Using EPC in the BENCH MODE will confirm that the EPC works at both the higher and lower pressures.

The OSC functions for the parameter EPC allows the technician to choose the following options:
- EPC-Activates EPC to selected
- [00]-sets EPC pressure to 00 PSI.
- [15]-sets EPC pressure to 15 PSI.
- [30]-sets EPC pressure to 30 PSI.
- [45]-sets EPC pressure to 45 PSI.
- [60]-sets EPC pressure to 60 PSI.
- [75]-sets EPC pressure to 75 PSI.
- [90]-sets EPC pressure to 90 PSI.

OSC "EPC" DRIVE MODE OPERATES ONLY WHEN:
- VSS and digital TR Sensor are operational.
- No VSS and digital TR Sensor DTCs.
- Transmission Range Selector Lever in 0/D.
- Pressure gauge installed.
- Key ON.
- Engine ON.
- Vehicle speed greater than 2 mph.
- OSC value for EPC must be greater than what the PCM commands (see EPC PID).

OSC Command Values:
- [00]-sets EPC pressure to 00 PSI.
- [15]-sets EPC pressure to 15 PSI.
- [30]-sets EPC pressure to 30 PSI.
- [45]-sets EPC pressure to 45 PSI.
- [60]-sets EPC pressure to 60 PSI.
- [75]-sets EPC pressure to 75 PSI.
- [90]-sets EPC pressure to 90 PSI.
- [OFF]-turns solenoid off.
- [ON]-turns solenoid on.
- [XXX]-cancels OSC value sent.
- [SEND]-sends the values to PCM.

DRIVE MODE Procedure for EPC.

Follow operating instructions from the NGS menu screen.
- Select "Output State Control."
- Select "Trans-Drive Mode."
- Select "PIDs" to be monitored.
- Monitor all selected PIDs during test.
- Select "Parameters-EPC.
- Select Value "0-90 psi."
- Press "SEND" to send command.
- Re-Select Value " 0-90 psi."
- Press "SEND" to send command.
- Select "XXX" to cancel at any time.
- Press "SEND."

USING OUTPUT STATE CONTROL (OSC) AND ACCESSING PIDs
To confirm that the OSC value was sent by the NGS and the EEC has accepted the OSC substitution, a corresponding PID for each OSC parameter must be monitored. Additional PIDs should be monitored to help the technician adequately diagnose the transmission.





The following is a list of OSC parameters and their corresponding PID:

To confirm that the OSC substitution occurred, SEND the OSC value and monitor the corresponding PID value. If no ERROR MESSAGE was received and the value of the corresponding PID remains the same as the value sent from OSC, then the OSC substitution was successful.

PCM RESET MODE
The PCM reset mode provides a means for the NGS to command the PCM to clear all DTCs. When resetting the PCM, a DTC P1000 will be set in the PCM until all OBD II system or components have been monitored during OBD II drive cycle.

A PCM reset:
- clears the DTCs.
- clears the Freeze Frame Data.
- clears the Oxygen Sensor Test Data.
- resets the status of the OBD II System Monitors.
- sets the DTC P1000.

PERFORMING PCM RESET
- Perform visual inspection and vehicle preparation as required.
- Select "Vehicle and Engine Selection" menu.
- Select year, engine, model with the appropriate qualifier if needed, for example, transmission or 49 state/California.
- Select "Generic OBD II Functions" menu.
- Select "Clearing ALL Codes."
- Follow operating instructions from the NGS menu screen.
- Perform OBD II Drive Cycle-Clear DTC P1000.

CLEARING DTC #P1000
In some localities it may become a legal requirement to pass an Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) test of the OBD II System. If the vehicle's OBD II system or its battery has just been serviced, the PCM system is reset to a "not ready for I/M testing" condition. To prepare the vehicle for this test and to clear the DTC P1000, the OBD II drive cycle must be performed.

OBD II DRIVE CYCLE
The following Steps MUST BE RUN IN THE ORDER SHOWN. If Steps 2, 3 or 4 are interrupted, repeat the step before proceeding. Any safe driving mode is acceptable between steps.

Always drive vehicle in a safe manner according to traffic conditions and obey all traffic laws.
1. Start engine and drive vehicle in typical city stop and go traffic for at least 10 minutes after if has reached normal operating temperature.
2. Idle vehicle for at least 45 seconds, then accelerate at part throttle to near 72 km/h (45 mph).
3. Cruise and maintain a select speed in the range of 48 to 64 km/h (30 to 40 mph) on a level road with throttle held steady for at least one minute.
4. Cruise and maintain a select speed in the range of 64 to 105 km/h (40 to 65 mph) on a level road with throttle held steady for at least one minute and 20 seconds.
5. OBD II drive cycle has been completed.

OTHER NGS FEATURES

Other diagnostic methods include the following:
- Parameter Identification (PID) Access Mode, used to monitor sensors and actuators.
- Freeze Frame Data Access Mode, used to view emission related data values from specific PIDs.
- Oxygen Sensor Monitor Mode, used to monitor the Heated Oxygen (H02S) sensor.
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