Engine: Description and Operation

ENGINE IDENTIFICATION

Engine Lubrication:

The engine vehicle identification number is located on the rear of the cylinder block just below the right cylinder head. The engine serial number is located on the lower right front of the cylinder block near the oil filter.

OVERALL ENGINE DESCRIPTION

8.0L V-10 Engine:

The 8.0 Liter (488 CID) ten cylinder engine is a 90° V-Type, lightweight, single cam, overhead valve engine. The cylinder block and cylinder heads are aluminum. The crankshaft is forged steel.
This engine is designed for premium unleaded fuel.
The cylinders are numbered from front to rear; 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 on the left bank and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 on the right bank. The firing order is 1, 10, 9, 4, 3, 6, 5, 8, 7, 2.

CYLINDER BLOCK
The cylinder block is sand cast aluminum alloy with pressed-in dry cast iron liners and cross-bolted iron main caps. These liners are pressed in place during block machining and are not serviceable items. The 6 Main Bearing Caps use 4 bolts per cap. A windage tray is attached to four main caps via extended main cap bolts. The block and heads incorporate a unique parallel coolant flow.

CYLINDER HEADS
Cylinder heads are semi-permanent mold aluminum incorporating dual quench combustion chambers. Valve guides are hardenable iron inserts and valve seats are cast steel inserts, press fit into the cylinder head. A multi-layer steel type gasket is used between head and block. High turbulence cylinder heads allow a 9.6:1 compression ratio.

CRANKSHAFT
The forged steel crankshaft is supported by the six main bearing caps. The No. 3 bearing is the thrust bearing. Crankshaft end sealing is provided by front seal and a rear seal. The crankshaft rotation is clockwise, when viewed from the front of the engine. The #5 counterweight has integral circular disk with 10 notches for DIS pickup.

PISTONS
The pistons are forged aluminum. Three rings are used. Piston pins (press fit into the rods) join the pistons to forged steel shot peened connecting rods.

CAMSHAFT
The nodular iron camshaft is supported by six journals directly in the aluminum block. A thrust plate located in front of the first bearing, and bolted to the block, controls end play. A dual roller chain is used to drive the camshaft. The chain is enclosed by a cast aluminum cover. This cover holds the oil pump, the front crankshaft seal, provides front oil pan closure, oil filter and water pump mounting.

CYLINDER HEAD COVERS
The cylinder head covers are die cast magnesium and sealed with plastic backed silicone gaskets.

INTAKE MANIFOLD
The intake manifold is a one piece aluminum casting. It incorporates cast-in fuel rails for the bottom feed fuel injectors. There is provision for Idle Air Control (IAC) motor mounting at the front of the right plenum. The dual log runners design is tuned for high speed. Dual throttle bodies are mounted to the front of the intake plenums. Sealing of the intake manifold to the heads by using fiber gaskets with molded-on silicone beads.

VALVE TRAIN
Valve train has hydraulic roller lifters. Rocker arms are common either right or left, and installed on individual rocker arm pedestals attached to the cylinder head. Viton valve stem seals provide positive intake and exhaust valve sealing. Conventional type hollow push rods, retainers and valve stem locks are used. The relative high engine speed and high lift cam require dual valve springs. Valve spring seats are used to protect the aluminum cylinder heads.

EXHAUST MANIFOLDS
Exhaust manifolds are tubular stainless steel, one piece design with large runners. The lower section has a heated oxygen sensor on each side. For sealing a Multi-Layer Steel (MLS) gasket is used between the exhaust manifold and aluminum cylinder head.

ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM
The lubrication system is a full flow filtration pressure feed type. Oil stored in the oil pan is taken in and discharged by an internal gear type oil pump directly coupled to the crankshaft. Oil pressure is regulated by two relief valves located in the Timing Chain Case Cover. The oil is pumped through an oil filter and feeds a main oil gallery. This oil gallery feeds oil under pressure to the main and rod bearings, camshaft bearings. Passages in the cylinder block feed oil to the hydraulic lifters and then flows through hollow pushrods which feeds the rocker arm sockets.